Magnesium · Origin deep dive

Ingot from the Fugang cluster in Shaanxi and Shanxi trucks to Tianjin/Xingang for containerized export, the world's magnesium gateway.

Standard 99.9% Mg ingot from the Pidgeon process, with 99.95% and alloying grades available at negotiated premiums.

Containerized bundled-ingot lots on regular liner services, with UN dangerous-goods stowage rules applying to magnesium cargo.

Aluminum alloyers, die-casters for automotive structural parts, steel desulphurization users, and titanium sponge producers worldwide.

Pricing swings with Shaanxi ferrosilicon and coal costs and winter environmental curbs, more than with any demand season.

An 85-90% Chinese supply share means any Yulin-area production curb or export friction, as in 2021, instantly squeezes global users.

Production sites on the Great Salt Lake in Utah, shipping domestically by rail and truck rather than through export terminals.

Electrolytic primary ingot to 99.9%-plus, historically qualified for aerospace and defense alloy specifications.

Delivered domestic rail and truck moves inside the tariff wall, with antidumping duties keeping Chinese and Russian units out.

US aluminum-alloy makers, defense and aerospace supply chains, and die-casters required to source duty-protected domestic metal.

Annual contract negotiations dominate, with restocking tied to automotive and aluminum production schedules rather than seasons.

Sole-domestic-producer status cuts both ways: the operational outages since 2021 showed one plant failure can strand the entire US premium market.

Imports arrive through Rotterdam and Antwerp warehouses, since Europe closed its last primary magnesium plants two decades ago.

Predominantly Chinese 99.9% ingot re-sold from bonded stock, with certificates and re-assay available for alloy-grade buyers.

Delivered-duty-paid truck lots ex-warehouse, with EU antidumping measures and CBAM-era carbon accounting shaping landed cost.

European aluminum alloyers and automotive die-casters, plus strategic stockpilers responding to the EU critical-raw-materials push.

Restocking concentrates ahead of automotive production quarters and before Chinese winter cut season, with thin summer spot activity.

Total import dependence on China was exposed by the 2021 crisis; any repeat shuts European die-casting within months of stockout.

Dead Sea Magnesium loads through Ashdod from its Sdom plant, while Brazil's RIMA ships from southeastern ports like Vitória.

Israeli electrolytic and Brazilian silicothermic ingot at 99.8-99.9%, with RIMA marketing charcoal-based lower-carbon credentials.

Modest containerized FOB parcels sold under term contracts, valued as diversification tonnage rather than swing supply.

Western alloyers and die-casters building non-China supply legs, including buyers paying up for lower-carbon Brazilian units.

Term-contract cadence with little spot; volumes are steady baseload constrained by small nameplate capacity at both producers.

Combined output is a rounding error against China, and Israeli supply carries regional-conflict and Dead Sea brine-politics exposure.